ACSM Clinical Exercise Physiologist (CEP) Practice Exam 2025 – Your Comprehensive All-in-One Prep Guide for Success!

ACE inhibitors primarily function by inhibiting the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which is crucial in the body's renin-angiotensin system. This system regulates blood pressure and fluid balance. The primary action of these medications is to prevent the conversion of angiotensin I, an inactive precursor, into angiotensin II, which is a potent vasoconstrictor.

By stopping this conversion, ACE inhibitors lead to lower levels of angiotensin II in the bloodstream. This reduction results in dilation of blood vessels, decreased blood pressure, and less strain on the heart. Moreover, angiotensin II stimulates the release of aldosterone, which promotes sodium and water retention, leading to higher blood pressure; reducing angiotensin II levels helps mitigate these effects.

Thus, the answer accurately reflects the therapeutic action of ACE inhibitors in managing conditions like hypertension and heart failure, focusing on their role in regulating the levels of angiotensin II within the body.